Political Leaders: Tunisia

Leaders of Tunisia
(Republic of Tunisia)

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Look for biographies of the leaders (in Spanish) at CIDOB website.

Parties: ND: Neo-Destur Party (1934-1964 > PSD); PSD: Socialist Destourian Party (1964-1988 > RCD); RCD: Democratic Constitutional Rally (1988-); CPR: Congress for the Republic; Ennahda: Renaissance

Heads of State

Pacha Bey
Muhammad al-Amin        15 May 1943 - 25 Jul 1957 (+1962) (*)

Presidents of the Republic
Habib Ali Bourguiba     25 Jul 1957 -  7 Nov 1987 (+2000) ND, PSD
Zine El Abidine Ben Ali  7 Nov 1987 - 14 Jan 2011         PSD, RCD
Muhammad Ghannouchi     14 Jan 2011 - 15 Jan 2011         RCD, n/p (acting)
Fouad Mebazaa           15 Jan 2011 - 13 Dec 2011         RCD, n/p (interim)
Moncef Marzouki         13 Dec 2011 -                     CPR

(*) Ruler of the independent state since 20 Mar 1956.

Prime Ministers

Tahar Ben Ammar         17 Sep 1955 - 11 Apr 1956 (+1985)
Habib Ali Bourguiba     11 Apr 1956 - 29 Jul 1957 (+2000) ND
Bahi Ladgham            29 Jul 1957 -  6 Nov 1970 (+1998) ND, PSD
Hédi Amira Nouira        6 Nov 1970 - 25 Apr 1980 (+1993) PSD
Muhammad Mzali          25 Apr 1980 -  8 Jul 1986 (+2010) PSD
Rashid Sfar              8 Jul 1986 -  2 Oct 1987         PSD
Zine El Abidine Ben Ali  2 Oct 1987 -  7 Nov 1987         PSD
Hédi Baccouche           7 Nov 1987 - 27 Sep 1989         PSD, RCD
Hamed Karoui            27 Sep 1989 - 17 Nov 1999         RCD
Muhammad Ghannouchi     17 Nov 1999 - 27 Feb 2011         RCD, n/p
Béji Caïd Essebsi       27 Feb 2011 - 24 Dec 2011         n/p
Hamadi Jebali           24 Dec 2011 -                     Ennahda

Ministers of Foreign Affairs

Habib Ali Bourguiba     1956-1957 (+2000) 
Sadok Mokadem           1957-1962
Mongi Slim              1962-1964 (+1969)
Habib Bourguiba Jr.     1964-1970 (+2009)
Muhammad Masmoudi       1970-1974
Habib Chatti            1974-1977 (+1991)
Muhammad Fitouri        1977-1980 (+2006)
Hassan Belkhodja        1980-1981 (+1981)
Béji Caïd Essebsi       1981-1986
Rashid Sfar             1986-1986         
Hédi Mabrouk            1986-1987 (+2000)
Mahmoud Mestiri         1987-1988 (+2006) 
Abdelhamid Es Cheikh    1988-1990 (+1999)
Ismail Khelil           1990-1990
Habib Boularès          1990-1991         
Habib Ben Yahia         1991-1997         
Abderrahim Zouari       1997
Said Ben Mustapha       1997-1999
Habib Ben Yahia         1999-2004        
Abdelbaki Hermassi      2004-2005
Abdelwahab Abdallah     2005-2010
Kamel Morjane           2010-2011
Ahmad Ounaies           2011
Mouldi Kefi             2011
Rafik Abdessalem        2011-

(List courtesy of Bob Hilkens)