Discover Magazine January 2000 page 24-Dr. Rodolfo Llins of New York
Univisity Medical School
'Many disparate neurological and psychiatric disorders-from Parkinison's
to obssesive-compulsive disorder, tinnitus to depression-have a similar
underlying cause. They may result from disruptions in electrical
rhythms between two brain regions, the thalamus and the cortex.'
..'When the thalamus or cortical cells misbehave, they do their own
thing, like children playing on their own. They naturally produce
low-frequency oscillations. That slow rhythm sets offf a high level of
activity in the surrounding areas, which is what triggets the symptoms.
'
Everything in the brain goes through the thalamus. "The thalamus and
the cortex are linked like the front and the back wheels of a bicycle.
Now imagine that your have many bicycles linked together and one of them
is damaged. It begins to vibrate and it vibrates everything else."
These vibrations can lead to things like mental problems because high
frequency is the same as consiousness....reality is produced by the
electrical oscillations betwen the thalamus and the cortex.
Deb writes:
This may be an important piece of the puzzle of what EMR is doing to us.
The significance of this is that there are reports of altered brain
waves from EMR. I specifically remember one about the altered brain
waves of children in the presence of a radar installation and I think
that there are others.
Cynics have said , "so what?" , you can't show that this leads to any
ill effects. Changing our brain waves may be a basic violation of our
common law rights to be free of unpermitted trespass.
If anyone has more on Dr. Llinds research, we would love to get copies.
Deb Carney
Think about what EMR may do to the processes described:
"Auditory Beats in the Brain"
by Gerald Oster
Slow modulations called binaural beats are perceived when tones of
different frequency are presented separately to each ear. The sensation
may show how certain sounds are processed in the brain.
If two tuning forks of slightly different pitch are struck
simultaneously, the resulting sound waxes and wanes periodically. The
modulations are
referred to as beats; their frequency is equal to the difference between
the frequencies of the two original tones.
Binaural beats have been widely regarded as a mere curiosity. A recent
textbook on hearing does not mention them at all. Yet the measurement
of binaural beats can explain the processes by which sounds are located
--a crucial aspect of perception. It is possible that hormonally induced
physiological behavior changes may be made apparent by measuring the
binaural-beat spectrum.
Source: SCIENCE, VOL. 249 (1989)
"The Mind Revealed"
by Marcia Barinaga
Some neuroscientists think that recently discovered oscillations of
electrical potential at 40 hertz hold the key to how the brain assembles
sense
impressions into a single object.
Has Wolf Singer uncovered the cellular basis of consciousness? Some
neuroscientists think he may have, although Singer himself stops short
of
such a bold claim.
It was in his recording that Singer noticed that, for short periods of
less than half a second, the field potential was
oscillating--alternately rising
and dipping--with a frequency of 40 hertz. Those oscillations reflected
a synchronous, repeating pattern of current flow into the neurons in the
vicinity of the electrode. And since such an ion flow often triggers an
action potential, that meant that many of those neurons must be firing
action
potentials together, in brief phase-locked synchrony.
"We think of consciousness as occurring in different ways," Crick says.
"You can be conscious of pain; you can be self-conscious; you can be
conscious of hearing, seeing, even of making plans. Our hypothesis is
that all of these may have something in common and therefore why not
study the easiest one? We think the easiest one is visual awareness."
One of the features that makes the 40 hertz oscillations attractive as a
mediator of visual awareness, Koch says, is that their time scale
corresponds with that of attention flitting from one object to another.
The neurons typically stay phase-locked for several hundred
milliseconds,
which would allow them to make and break their liaisons in roughly the
same period that a person's attention moves from one subject to the
next.
As different subjects compete for attention, different sets of neurons
may set up oscillations, Koch proposes. One wins momentarily, and
attention is briefly focused. Then that oscillation fatigues and
attention is directed elsewhere. "It's a very beautiful picture," he
enthuses. As the
experimentalists pursue the oscillations in their biological context,
the theorists are cheering from the sidelines. Von der Malsburg, for
one, is
eagerly awaiting the next round of results. "Wolf Singer and the others
are onto something extremely important," he says. "If this
experimental-theoretical story materializes even further, it will open
the door to a completely new era."
Source: HEALTH/SCIENCE, New Mexican April 7, 1995
"A New Theory of Consciousness"
For scientists who study the human brain, even its simplest act of
perception is an event of astonishing intricacy.
40 Hz brain activity may be a kind of binding mechanism, said Dr.
Rodolfo Llinas a professor of neuroscience at New York University.
Llinas believes that the 40-cycle-per-second wave serves to connect
structures in the cortex where advanced information processing occurs,
and the thalamus, a lower brain region where complex relay and
integrative functions are carried out.
The Brain Wave Frequencies of Health
by Jean Charles Genet,
Director of The National Center for Integrative Medicine and The
National Research Center for Chronic Fatigue
The ability of the brain to enter and maintain certain frequencies while
sleeping may determine the level of health a person experiences.
Individuals suffering from the symptoms of Chronic Fatigue (waking up
tired, stressed, experiencing symptomatic pain, depression, confused
thinking, memory loss, headaches, nervous stomach, or having sleeping
disorders, etc.) were solicited by the National Research Center for
Chronic Fatigue in Denver, Colorado.
Patients were measured by electroencephalographic (EEG) brain wave
recordings. It was revealed that certain frequencies could not be
maintained. Although, as with any group, the response to one measured
frequency is different from one person to the next, the overall response
from those tested showed seven frequencies to be consistently weaker.
These seven frequencies seemed to be guide posts within the subconscious
that lead the brain into and out of specific functions necessary for the
nightly reconstructive process of the body to occur while in the sleep
cycle. The weakness or inability to reach and maintain these frequencies
related directly to the specific symptom or ailment experienced.
REDUCTION IN LEVELS OF EXHAUSTION
Those who suffer from Chronic Fatigue exhaust very easily. When moved to
4HZ these individuals showed marked improvement in the length
of time between the occurrence of exhaustion after certain exercises
were completed.
SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS
At 7.5 HZ subjects who before suffered from confused thinking reported
an ease at finding solutions to troublesome problems after a
re-evaluation was conducted.
LESS EFFECT FROM SYMPTOMS
Those individuals whose ailments have manifested into the fourth stage
of Chronic Fatigue, where some form of disease is apparent,
experienced a release from the negative sensation of their symptoms when
moved into 1.5HZ.
NEW YORK TIMES: SCIENCE SECTION 1989
"Theta; The Gateway to Learning and Memory"
ARTICLE EXCERPTS COMING SOON
http://brainsync.com/research.asp
RESEARCH NEWS EXCERPTS
Source: Scientific American (October 1973)
"Auditory Beats in the Brain"
by Gerald Oster
Slow modulations called binaural beats are perceived when tones of different frequency are presented
separately to each ear. The sensation may show how certain sounds are processed in the brain.
If two tuning forks of slightly different pitch are struck simultaneously, the resulting sound waxes and
wanes periodically. The modulations are referred to as beats; their frequency is equal to the difference
between the frequencies of the two original tones.
Binaural beats have been widely regarded as a mere curiosity. A recent textbook on hearing does not
mention them at all. Yet the measurement of binaural beats can explain the processes by which sounds are
located --a crucial aspect of perception. It is possible that hormonally induced physiological behavior
changes may be made apparent by measuring the binaural-beat spectrum.
Source: SCIENCE, VOL. 249 (1989)
"The Mind Revealed"
by Marcia Barinaga
Some neuroscientists think that recently discovered oscillations of electrical potential at 40 hertz hold the
key to how the brain assembles sense impressions into a single object.
Has Wolf Singer uncovered the cellular basis of consciousness? Some neuroscientists think he may have,
although Singer himself stops short of such a bold claim.
It was in his recording that Singer noticed that, for short periods of less than half a second, the field
potential was oscillating--alternately rising and dipping--with a frequency of 40 hertz. Those oscillations
reflected a synchronous, repeating pattern of current flow into the neurons in the vicinity of the electrode.
And since such an ion flow often triggers an action potential, that meant that many of those neurons must
be firing action potentials together, in brief phase-locked synchrony.
"We think of consciousness as occurring in different ways," Crick says. "You can be conscious of pain;
you can be self-conscious; you can be conscious of hearing, seeing, even of making plans. Our
hypothesis is that all of these may have something in common and therefore why not study the easiest
one? We think the easiest one is visual awareness."
One of the features that makes the 40 hertz oscillations attractive as a mediator of visual awareness, Koch
says, is that their time scale corresponds with that of attention flitting from one object to another. The
neurons typically stay phase-locked for several hundred milliseconds, which would allow them to make
and break their liaisons in roughly the same period that a person's attention moves from one subject to the
next.
As different subjects compete for attention, different sets of neurons may set up oscillations, Koch
proposes. One wins momentarily, and attention is briefly focused. Then that oscillation fatigues and
attention is directed elsewhere. "It's a very beautiful picture," he enthuses. As the experimentalists pursue
the oscillations in their biological context, the theorists are cheering from the sidelines. Von der Malsburg,
for one, is eagerly awaiting the next round of results. "Wolf Singer and the others are onto something
extremely important," he says. "If this experimental-theoretical story materializes even further, it will
open the door to a completely new era."
Source: HEALTH/SCIENCE, New Mexican April 7, 1995
"A New Theory of Consciousness"
For scientists who study the human brain, even its simplest act of perception is an event of astonishing
intricacy.
40 Hz brain activity may be a kind of binding mechanism, said Dr. Rodolfo Llinas a professor of
neuroscience at New York University.
Llinas believes that the 40-cycle-per-second wave serves to connect structures in the cortex where
advanced information processing occurs, and the thalamus, a lower brain region where complex relay and
integrative functions are carried out.
The Brain Wave Frequencies of Health
by Jean Charles Genet,
Director of The National Center for Integrative Medicine and The National Research
Center for Chronic Fatigue
The ability of the brain to enter and maintain certain frequencies while sleeping may determine the level of
health a person experiences.
Individuals suffering from the symptoms of Chronic Fatigue (waking up tired, stressed, experiencing
symptomatic pain, depression, confused thinking, memory loss, headaches, nervous stomach, or having
sleeping disorders, etc.) were solicited by the National Research Center for Chronic Fatigue in Denver,
Colorado.
Patients were measured by electroencephalographic (EEG) brain wave recordings. It was revealed that
certain frequencies could not be maintained. Although, as with any group, the response to one measured
frequency is different from one person to the next, the overall response from those tested showed seven
frequencies to be consistently weaker.
These seven frequencies seemed to be guide posts within the subconscious that lead the brain into and out
of specific functions necessary for the nightly reconstructive process of the body to occur while in the
sleep cycle. The weakness or inability to reach and maintain these frequencies related directly to the
specific symptom or ailment experienced.
REDUCTION IN LEVELS OF EXHAUSTION
Those who suffer from Chronic Fatigue exhaust very easily. When moved to 4HZ these individuals
showed marked improvement in the length of time between the occurrence of exhaustion after certain
exercises were completed.
SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS
At 7.5 HZ subjects who before suffered from confused thinking reported an ease at finding solutions to
troublesome problems after a re-evaluation was conducted.
LESS EFFECT FROM SYMPTOMS
Those individuals whose ailments have manifested into the fourth stage of Chronic Fatigue, where some
form of disease is apparent, experienced a release from the negative sensation of their symptoms when
moved into 1.5HZ.
NEW YORK TIMES: SCIENCE SECTION 1989
"Theta; The Gateway to Learning and Memory"
ARTICLE EXCERPTS COMING SOON
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